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What is a stye? Hordeolums, also known as styes, are common, yet painful infections of your inner or outer eyelid. All of us have bacteria on our eyelids. This bacteria, most of the time staph bacteria, is usually harmless. Sometimes though, if this bacteria gets trapped in the eyelid together with that skin, in the eye, stye develops. It starts as a small yellow bump that turns into a dead, swollen, lump within a few days. Although eye styes are not dangerous, they’re painful and can be extremely irritating.